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Aberdares
Slightly larger than Mount Kenya National Park, the Aberdares offers an eco-system that is fairly similar. Its mountain ranges climb to over 4,200m and consist mainly of tropical high-alpine vegetation, the park is about 766 sq km in size. In the lower-lying regions, you will find rain and bamboo forests, moorlands, waterfalls, rivers and dams filled with trout. The most common species include giant forest hog, black rhino, elephant, lion, leopard, serval cat and a variety of monkeys as well as spectacular birds.
Amboseli
One of the most popular parks in Kenya, we think it is a real gem. Forming part of a massive eco-system, the park itself is only 392 sq km and is situated at the foot of Africa's highest mountain, Kilimanjaro. This great mountain forms the backdrop to most photographers' pictures and on a clear day, the snowy peak of Kibo is seen. Elephants abound in the forest and swamps, feeding on the lush papyrus and other grasses. Cheetah, lion and many hyena can also be seen on the salt flats or in the forests. Giraffe, zebra and wildebeest are always spotted on the open plains or congregating at the edge of the swamps.
Hell's Gate
Hell's Gate covers an area of around 69 sq km and is situated close to Lake Naivasha, a short drive from Nairobi. The main characteristic of the park is its diverse topography and geological scenery, with some spectacular gorge walks, scenic landscape and hot springs to enjoy. It is also an important home to the lammergeyer vulture.
Lake Nakuru
The most famous of the Rift Valley lakes, Nakuru is a soda lake set within the 62 sq km park, renowned for its magnificent array of birdlife. It is the migratory flocks of thousands of greater and lesser flamingo that really create the attraction here, when the lake's shallow waters turn pink. Black and white rhino, the rare Rothschild's giraffe, a small herd of buffalo, dik dik, klipspringer, eland, the occasional leopard and many other plains game are also found here.
Lake Baringo
About 100km north of Nakuru, this 170 sq km tranquil freshwater lake is host to some rare bird species seen nowhere else in Africa. Boat trips on the lake are popular to view the hippo, crocodiles and bird-life. One can also visit a local Njemps tribal village or watch the villagers fishing from their frail papyrus boats.
Lake Bogoria
Lying between Baringo and Nakuru, Bogoria was initially created to protect the greater kudu, found on the western Laikipia escarpment. Bushland and forest ravines surround the 30 sq km shallow soda lake, also a favourite nesting site for flamingo. Another fascinating attraction is a visit to the hot sulphur springs, which bubble and shoot hot jets of water from the ground.
Lake Elmenteita
Most of this shallow 18 sq km soda lake is on private land and forms part of the Delamere Estate's Soysambu property. There is some game in the bush around the lake, with flamingo and pelicans congregating along the shores. Some very pleasant escorted nature walks around the lake's shores are available.
Lake Naivasha
A very picturesque freshwater lake and a favourite weekend haunt for Nairobi residents, who enjoy fishing and sailing on some 900 sq km of water. There are many boat trips or perhaps a visit to Crescent Island for a gentle walk. Nearby is the dramatic Hell's Gate, overshadowed by the mysterious Mt Longonot.
Lake Victoria
Being the world's second-largest freshwater lake, Lake Victoria covers an area of nearly 70,000 sq km and is one of the chief sources of the Nile. Life here has not changed for centuries. The cultures are fascinating, people beautiful and scenery spectacular.
Laikipia
Covered by large privately-owned ranches, Laikipia is wild, sparsely populated and considered the gateway to Kenya's northern territory. Linked with evolving community programmes, visitors to this region have some of the best opportunities to experience culture and farming, traditional home-stays, proactive conservation, and the flexibility of walking, camel, camping and cycling safaris. The 8,000 sq km reserve has also become a sanctuary for elephant, lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros, chimpanzees and a wealth of plains game, including many endemic northern species. Game-viewing tends to be more intimate and adventurous here, where exploring is at your own pace.
Masai Mara Reserve
One of East Africa's most famous reserves, the 1,600 sq km 'Mara' consists of undulating hills and great rolling grasslands that sustain some of the most varied wildlife in Africa, if not the world. There is always game in the 'Mara', however it changes its character dramatically with the seasons. So, when the grass is fairly high in many areas, game-viewing is restricted, but the countryside is incredibly green and at its most scenic. As the countryside dries out, game-viewing improves. Game concentrations are at their greatest from around July to the end of October, when the migrating herds filter across the Mara River from western Serengeti. During this period, you will find vast plains filled, as far as the eye can see, with wildebeest, zebra, gazelle, eland, topi and hartebeest as well as the normal resident herds such as elephant, buffalo and giraffe. Naturally, these are all followed by great prides of lion, hyena, cheetah and the various other predators and scavengers. Many animals do not survive these annual trips due to exhaustion or the treacherous river crossings, where some of the world's largest crocodiles await their feast. Other highlights of the 'Mara' include the early morning balloon safaris, walking in the community areas adjoining the main park and some of the lodges' fascinating programmes orientated towards children's wildlife education.
Meru National Park
Meru is in the northern frontier, east of Mount Kenya. It covers an area of 870 sq km and is still relatively untouched by tourism, which makes it alluring. The animals are found in good numbers, but are shy. This park is one of the driest in the country, though it is criss-crossed by numerous rivers and streams running off nearby mountains. The landscape is wild, blessed with dense ribbons of vegetation dominated by magnificent stands of baobab trees, doum and raphia palms which run through the dry valleys. The area is famous for Elsa, the orphaned lioness reared by Joy and George Adamson and eventually returned to the wilds of Meru.
Mount Kenya
The park was created around Africa's second-highest mountain. It straddles the equator and covers more than 715 sq km. Mount Kenya is seen as sacred by the Kikuyu people, as there is said to be a god who lives here. The mountain's snow-capped peaks can be seen on clear days, but are often enclosed in low cloud cover. With altitudes ranging from 1,600m to 5,200m, there is a wide range of vegetation. It includes rich sub-alpine flora, low-lying forests and bamboo zones, as well as moorlands and tundra. Common species found are giant forest hog, tree hyrax, white-tailed mongoose, elephant, buffalo, suni, duiker, leopard, black rhino, bushbuck, bongo and a type of 'golden cat'. Mountain buzzards, tinker birds and various louries are also fascinating spots.
Nairobi National Park
Just 10km from the city centre and only 117 sq km in size, this is Kenya's oldest park, established around 1946. With over 500 varieties of birds recorded and more than 100 mammal species, it makes a great early morning or afternoon's excursion. Common sightings include zebra, giraffe, buffalo, ostrich, gazelle, eland, hippo, vulture and lion. It is also a great place to see black rhino.
Salt Lick
Situated on the main Voi to Taita road, south of the Taita Hills, Salt Lick creates a game corridor to Tsavo West National Park. Formerly a sisal plantation, it has been transformed into a 113 sq km reserve with some interesting grasslands and woodlands. The area now attracts a good quantity of zebra, buffalo, elephant, waterbuck, reedbuck, impala, eland, gazelle and much more. The bird-life is also excellent.
Samburu, Buffalo Springs and Shaba
These three adjoining reserves are situated north of Mt Kenya and total around 535 sq km. Watered by the muddy Uaso Ngiro River and natural springs, this is classified as a lowland area, so generally hot, arid and dusty. It is also extremely scenic, with ravine areas dominated by acacia and doum palms. Also of interest are the volcanic rock cones and craggy hills, which spread through certain areas of the park. Large numbers of gerenuk make this area exciting but plenty of other species are also common. These include crocodile, hippo, gazelle, Beisa oryx, Grevy's zebra, Somali ostrich, reticulated giraffe, elephant, vervet monkey, cheetah, leopard and lion that still roam its acacia woodlands, ravines and grasslands. There are also some amazing birds to spot in the riverine forests.
Shimba Hills
Shimba Hills runs parallel to the coast and is approximately one hour's journey from Mombasa. Located at 500m above sea level, Shimba is covered by beautiful forest foliage and makes a refreshing break from the sticky humidity of the coast. There is not a great deal of big-game within the 310 sq km reserve but common species include elephant, buffalo and giraffe and for the lucky few, the rare sable antelope.
Tsavo East And West
This huge park is split into two by the main Nairobi to Mombasa highway and covers a total area of around 2,000 sq km. The park is quite arid with only two permanent rivers but its flat landscape is dotted with hills and baobab trees, making it extremely attractive. Tsavo is still famous for the legends of man-eating lion and its 'red' elephants, so called because of the red murrum earth with which they spray themselves. Most game congregates among the acacia and raphia palms, which line the riverine areas. Common spots include elephant, buffalo, ostrich, gazelle, giraffe, zebra and the accompanying predatory cats. Less frequent sightings are gerenuk, fringe-eared oryx and Hunters hartebeest. Popular attractions in the park are the Lugard Falls, Yatta Plateau (which is the world's longest lava flow) and Mzima Springs. Here there is an underground viewing platform to observe crocodile, hippo and the various fish under water.
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